Standard 1 Science As Inquiry:
As a result of their activities in grades 9-12, all students will develop the abilities necessary to do scientific inquiry and understandings about scientific inquiry.
Benchmark 1
Measurement And Solving Problems - SI Measurement system, Fundamental SI units, unit conversion, derived units, metric system.
Indicator 1
Define the SI system of measurement.
Indicator 2
Explain how the SI system is related to the metric system.
Indicator 3
List the seven fundamental units in the SI system.
Indicator 4
Discuss the physical phenomenon in nature which each fundamental unit represents and give the symbol used to denote each one.
Indicator 5
Explain how derived units are obtained from fundamental units and give examples of derived units.
Indicator 6
Define unit conversion.
Benchmark 2
Measurement And Solving Problems - Using scientific measurements accuracy, precision, significant figures), and problem solving.
Indicator 1
Explain the difference between accuracy and precision.
Indicator 2
List, apply, and use the rules for determining significant figures in numbers.
Indicator 3
Use unit conversion to solve problems.
Benchmark 3
Measurement And Solving Problems - Graphing, drawing to scale, Cartesian Coordinate System, and trigonometric functions.
Indicator 1
Construct graphs using data generated in laboratory exercises.
Indicator 2
Construct vector problems by drawing the vectors based on a scale.
Indicator 3
Identify points in space by relating them to coordinates on the Cartesian Coordinate System.
Indicator 4
List the trigonometric functions which apply to a right triangle. Indicator 5 Use the trigonometric functions of a right triangle to find unknown sides and angles when given known sides and angels.
Benchmark 4
Measurement And Solving Problems - Scientific method, theory and law.
Indicator 1
Define the scientific method.
Indicator 2
List the steps in the scientific method.
Indicator 3
Explain the differences between a theory and a law and give examples of each.
Benchmark 5
Measurement And Solving Problems - Lab safety
Indicator 1
Describe and list rules to be used when doing lab exercises.
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Speed/Velocity, acceleration, freely falling bodies and gravity, and gravitational forces.
Indicator 1
Define speed and write an equation for it.
Moving electrical charges produce magnetic forces, and moving magnets produce electrical forces.
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Speed/Velocity, acceleration, freely falling bodies and gravity, and gravitational forces.
Indicator 2
Define velocity and write an equation for it.
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Speed/Velocity, acceleration, freely falling bodies and gravity, and gravitational forces.
Indicator 3
Define acceleration and write an equation for it.
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Speed/Velocity, acceleration, freely falling bodies and gravity, and gravitational forces.
Indicator 4
Explain the difference between speed and velocity.
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Speed/Velocity, acceleration, freely falling bodies and gravity, and gravitational forces.
Indicator 5 Discuss the term and what is meant by "freely falling bodies".
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Speed/Velocity, acceleration, freely falling bodies and gravity, and gravitational forces.
Indicator 6
Identify the direction in which a gravitational force acts.
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force MOTION AND FORCE - Speed/Velocity, acceleration, freely falling bodies and gravity, and gravitational forces.
Indicator 7
Give the accepted value and units for gravity on the earth.
Standard 9
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Projectile motion, vectors, components of vectors and vector addition.
Indicator 1
Identify the X and Y components in projectile motion.
Standard 10
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Projectile motion, vectors, components of vectors and vector addition.
Indicator 2
Explain the significance of the action taking place in the X and Y directions of projectile motion.
Standard 11
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Projectile motion, vectors, components of vectors and vector addition.
Indicator 3
Describe the significance of the "length of a vector" and the "direction of a vector head".
Standard 12
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Projectile motion, vectors, components of vectors and vector addition.
Indicator 4
Explain how to take a vector and resolve it into its components.
Standard 13
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Projectile motion, vectors, components of vectors and vector addition.
Indicator 5
List the steps used in vector addition.
Standard 14
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Projectile motion, vectors, components of vectors and vector addition.
Indicator 6
Explain the "tail to head" method of vector addition.
Standard 15
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Projectile motion, vectors, components of vectors and vector addition.
Indicator 7
Explain the method of adding vectors by resolving them into X and Y components and summing them.
Standard 16
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Force, Inertia, Laws of Motion, Newton's 1st, 2nd and 3rd, Frictional Forces, Equilibrium, Weight/Mass, and Atwood's machine.
Indicator 1
Define force and give a mathematical equation and units for it.
Standard 17
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Force, Inertia, Laws of Motion, Newton's 1st, 2nd and 3rd, Frictional Forces, Equilibrium, Weight/Mass, and Atwood's machine.
Indicator 2
Discuss inertia.
Standard 18
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Force, Inertia, Laws of Motion, Newton's 1st, 2nd and 3rd, Frictional Forces, Equilibrium, Weight/Mass, and Atwood's machine.
Indicator 3
List, explain, and give examples of Newton's 1st, 2nd, and 3rd laws of motion.
Standard 19
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Force, Inertia, Laws of Motion, Newton's 1st, 2nd and 3rd, Frictional Forces, Equilibrium, Weight/Mass, and Atwood's machine.
Indicator 4
Explain how frictional forces work and act.
Standard 20
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Force, Inertia, Laws of Motion, Newton's 1st, 2nd and 3rd, Frictional Forces, Equilibrium, Weight/Mass, and Atwood's machine.
Indicator 5
Define equilibrium and discuss the affect of equilibrium on a body or bodies.
Standard 21
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Force, Inertia, Laws of Motion, Newton's 1st, 2nd and 3rd, Frictional Forces, Equilibrium, Weight/Mass, and Atwood's machine.
Indicator 6
Compare weight and mass and distinguish between them.
Standard 22
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Force, Inertia, Laws of Motion, Newton's 1st, 2nd and 3rd, Frictional Forces, Equilibrium, Weight/Mass, and Atwood's machine.
Indicator 7
Give formulas for frictional forces, weight, mass and Newton's 2nd law.
Standard 23
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Force, Inertia, Laws of Motion, Newton's 1st, 2nd and 3rd, Frictional Forces, Equilibrium, Weight/Mass, and Atwood's machine.
Indicator 8
Work problems involving frictional forces and Atwood's machine.
Standard 24
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Energy and Potential/Kinetic energy,
Indicator 1
Define energy.
Standard 25
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Energy and Potential/Kinetic energy,
Indicator 2
Define potential and kinetic energy.
Standard 26
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Energy and Potential/Kinetic energy,
Indicator 3
Discuss the difference between potential and kinetic energy and give examples of each one.
Standard 27
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Rotating systems (angular velocity and angular acceleration), Centripetal Force, Circular motion, Planetary motion, and Universal gravitational law.
Indicator 1
Discuss the difference between angular velocity and angular acceleration.
Standard 28
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Rotating systems (angular velocity and angular acceleration), Centripetal Force, Circular motion, Planetary motion, and Universal gravitational law.
Indicator 2
Discuss the relationship and difference in the equations used to represent linear and angular velocity and acceleration.
Standard 29
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Rotating systems (angular velocity and angular acceleration), Centripetal Force, Circular motion, Planetary motion, and Universal gravitational law.
Indicator 3
Describe centripetal force and give the equation for it.
Standard 30
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Rotating systems (angular velocity and angular acceleration), Centripetal Force, Circular motion, Planetary motion, and Universal gravitational law.
Indicator 4
Explain circular motion and give an equation for it.
Standard 31
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Rotating systems (angular velocity and angular acceleration), Centripetal Force, Circular motion, Planetary motion, and Universal gravitational law.
Indicator 5
Using Kepler's laws, discuss, describe, and mathematically predict planetary motion.
Standard 32
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Rotating systems (angular velocity and angular acceleration), Centripetal Force, Circular motion, Planetary motion, and Universal gravitational law.
Indicator 6
Give the equation for the universal gravitational law and use it to find any unknown quantity in the equation when given all but one variable.
Standard 33
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Momentum, Conservation of momentum, collisions elastic and inelastic).
Indicator 1
Explain and give the formula for momentum.
Standard 34
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Momentum, Conservation of momentum, collisions elastic and inelastic).
Indicator 2
Discuss the statement "momentum is conserved".
Standard 35
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Momentum, Conservation of momentum, collisions elastic and inelastic).
Indicator 3
Give formulas which are used when working momentum problems.
Standard 36
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Momentum, Conservation of momentum, collisions elastic and inelastic).
Indicator 4
Describe the difference between elastic and inelastic collisions and give an equation which is used to solve both equations.
Standard 37
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Torque, Moment of Inertia, and Rotational kinetic energy.
Indicator 1
Define torque, give its formula, and express its correct units and direction.
Standard 38
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Torque, Moment of Inertia, and Rotational kinetic energy.
Indicator 2
Explain the significance of "moment of inertia" and list formulas as well as the system the formulas will be used on to calculate "moment of inertia".
Standard 39
Benchmark 1
Motion And Force - Torque, Moment of Inertia, and Rotational kinetic energy.
Indicator 3
Discuss rotational kinetic energy.
Standard 40
Benchmark 1
Work And Simple Machines - Work and energy; Conservation and energy.
Indicator 1
Define work and energy and discuss their relationship.
Standard 41
Benchmark 1
Work And Simple Machines - Work and energy; Conservation and energy.
Indicator 2
Explain conservation of energy.
Standard 42
Benchmark 1
Work And Simple Machines - Work and energy; Conservation and energy.
Indicator 3
List and use mathematical equations to solve problems over these concepts.
Standard 43
Benchmark 1
Work And Simple Machines - Simple machines: inclined planes, lever, and pulley.
Indicator 1
Discuss and describe the following simple machines. (1) Inclined planes, (2) Levers, and (3) Pulleys.
Standard 44
Benchmark 1
Work And Simple Machines - Simple machines: inclined planes, lever, and pulley.
Indicator 2
Work various types of problems which involve simple machines.
Standard 45
Benchmark 1
HEAT - Kinetic energy and temperature, Heat flow, Specific heat, heat capacity, Conservation of energy, and Heat Lost = Heat gained.
Indicator 1
Discuss the terms of kinetic energy and temperature.
Standard 46
Benchmark 1
Heat - Kinetic energy and temperature, Heat flow, Specific heat, heat capacity, Conservation of energy, and Heat Lost = Heat gained.
Indicator 2
Explain how they are related and how they differ.
Standard 47
Benchmark 1
Heat - Kinetic energy and temperature, Heat flow, Specific heat, heat capacity, Conservation of energy, and Heat Lost = Heat gained.
Indicator 3
Describe the direction of heat flow.
Standard 48
Benchmark 1
Heat - Kinetic energy and temperature, Heat flow, Specific heat, heat capacity, Conservation of energy, and Heat Lost = Heat gained.
Indicator 4
Define specific heat and give its formula.
Standard 49
Benchmark 1
Heat - Kinetic energy and temperature, Heat flow, Specific heat, heat capacity, Conservation of energy, and Heat Lost = Heat gained.
Indicator 5
Define heat capacity and give its formula.
Standard 50
Benchmark 1
Heat - Kinetic energy and temperature, Heat flow, Specific heat, heat capacity, Conservation of energy, and Heat Lost = Heat gained.
Indicator 6
Explain the difference between specific heat and heat capacity.
Standard 51
Benchmark 1
Heat - Kinetic energy and temperature, Heat flow, Specific heat, heat capacity, Conservation of energy, and Heat Lost = Heat gained.
Indicator 7
Work problems which deal with both concepts.
Standard 52
Benchmark 1
Heat - Kinetic energy and temperature, Heat flow, Specific heat, heat capacity, Conservation of energy, and Heat Lost = Heat gained.
Indicator 8
State the "law of conservation of energy" and how it explains that heat lost = heat gained.
Standard 53
Benchmark 1
Heat - Insulators, Energy transfer, Graphing-Heating and Cooling curves.
Indicator 1
Describe the role of insulators and list several types of insulators.
Standard 54
Benchmark 1
Heat - Insulators, Energy transfer, Graphing-Heating and Cooling curves.
Indicator 2
Discuss energy transfer.
Standard 55
Benchmark 1
Heat - Insulators, Energy transfer, Graphing-Heating and Cooling curves.
Indicator 3
Construct graphs which represent heating and cooling curves.
Standard 56
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Electric charges and point charges, electric fields, and electric charge.
Indicator 1
Discuss and describe electric charges and point charges in electric fields.
Standard 57
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Electric charges and point charges, electric fields, and electric charge.
Indicator 2
Define an electric field.
Standard 58
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Electric charges and point charges, electric fields, and electric charge.
Indicator 3
Define an electric charge.
Standard 59
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Electric charges and point charges, electric fields, and electric charge.
Indicator 4
Give the characteristics of electric charges.
Standard 60
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 1
List and discuss, and give formula representations of EMFs.
Standard 61
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 2
Discuss charge flow.
Standard 62
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 3
Explain the difference between AC and DC current.
Standard 63
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 4
List sources of AC and DC current.
Standard 64
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 5
State Coulomb's Law.
Standard 65
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 6
Discuss Coulomb's Law.
Standard 66
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 7
List, discuss, and apply Kirchoff's Rules to electric circuits.
Standard 67
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 8
List and discuss Ohm's Laws as they apply to circuits.
Standard 68
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 9
Define resistance and explain how to calculate total resistance of circuits when resistors are in series, parallel, and mixed.
Standard 69
Benchmark 1
Electricity - Sources of EMF, Charge flow, Current - AC/DC, Coulomb's Law Kirchoff's Rules, Ohm's Laws, Resistors (series/parallel), and Resistance and Ohm's Law.
Indicator 10
Give the equations for figuring current, resistance, voltage, and apply to simple and complex circuits.
Standard 70
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 1
Draw a wave and label its parts (crest, trough, wavelength, amplitude).
Standard 71
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 2
Use the correct symbols and letters to represent the labeled parts of a wave.
Standard 72
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 3
Explain the difference between a transverse wave and a compressional wave.
Standard 73
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 4
Discuss wave motion.
Standard 74
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 5
Define frequency, speed, and period of a wave.
Standard 75
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 6
Explain wave interference and draw an example of it.
Standard 76
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 7
Discuss and show a model of wave reflection.
Standard 77
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 8
State Hooke's Law and apply it.
Standard 78
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Wave Structure, Transverse/Compression Wave, Wave Motion, Frequency/Speed, Wavelength/Period, Wave Interference, Wave Reflection, Hooke's Law, and Pendulums
Indicator 9
Explain how to find the period of a pendulum and give the formula for it.
Standard 79
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Speed of Sound through different media, Pitch and intensity, Sound phenomena and applications, and Doppler Effect.
Indicator 1
Give the value of the speed of sound through air.
Standard 80
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Speed of Sound through different media, Pitch and intensity, Sound phenomena and applications, and Doppler Effect.
Indicator 2
Explain how to use the speed of sound in problems which require one to solve for distances, time, etc. when working with the speed of sound though different media.
Standard 81
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Speed of Sound through different media, Pitch and intensity, Sound phenomena and applications, and Doppler Effect.
Indicator 3
Define pitch and intensity.
Standard 82
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Speed of Sound through different media, Pitch and intensity, Sound phenomena and applications, and Doppler Effect.
Indicator 4
Explain the difference between pitch and intensity.
Standard 83
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Speed of Sound through different media, Pitch and intensity, Sound phenomena and applications, and Doppler Effect.
Indicator 5
Discuss the applications of sound phenomena.
Standard 84
Benchmark 1
Waves And Sound - Speed of Sound through different media, Pitch and intensity, Sound phenomena and applications, and Doppler Effect.
Indicator 6
Explain and work problems which deal with the Doppler Effect.
Standard 85
Benchmark 1
Light - Electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light spectrum, Speed of light, and Speed of light through same medium or between different media.
Indicator 1
Define and explain electromagnetic radiations (EMR).
Standard 86
Benchmark 1
Light - Electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light spectrum, Speed of light, and Speed of light through same medium or between different media.
Indicator 2
List the component wavelengths in the EMR spectrum.
Standard 87
Benchmark 1
Light - Electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light spectrum, Speed of light, and Speed of light through same medium or between different media.
Indicator 3
List the components of the visible light spectrum.
Standard 88
Benchmark 1
Light - Electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light spectrum, Speed of light, and Speed of light through same medium or between different media.
Indicator 4
Give the value for the speed of light.
Standard 89
Benchmark 1
Light - Electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light spectrum, Speed of light, and Speed of light through same medium or between different media.
Indicator 5
Give formulas which relate the speed of light to wavelength, frequency and energy.
Standard 90
Benchmark 1
Light - Electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light spectrum, Speed of light, and Speed of light through same medium or between different media.
Indicator 6
Explain what happens to the speed of light as light passes through and between different media.
Standard 91
Benchmark 1
Light - Electromagnetic spectrum, Visible light spectrum, Speed of light, and Speed of light through same medium or between different media.
Indicator 7
Discuss what happens to the light ray itself as it passes between or into different media.
Standard 92
Benchmark 1
Light - Reflection/Refraction
Indicator 1
Explain reflection of light.
Standard 93
Benchmark 1
Light - Reflection/Refraction
Indicator 2
Explain refraction of light.
Standard 94
Benchmark 1
Light - Reflection/Refraction
Indicator 3
Discuss by words, show with diagrams, and calculate what happens when light is reflected and when it is refracted.
Standard 95
Benchmark 1
Light - Mirrors/Lenses and images formed, and Ray-diagrams (mirrors/lenses).
Indicator 1
Using Ray-diagrams, draw the three rays which allow one to predict image position and size when light leaves an object and hits a mirror or passes through a lens.
Standard 96
Benchmark 1
Light - Mirrors/Lenses and images formed, and Ray-diagrams (mirrors/lenses).
Indicator 2
Use mathematical equations to predict image position and size when light leaves an object and hits a mirror or passes through a lens.
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